Elephas maximus

Linnaeus, 1758

Asian Elephant

Taxonomy

Subclass : Theria
Infraclass : Placentalia
Magnorder : Atlantogenata
Superorder : Afrotheria
Order : Proboscidea
Suborder : Elephantiformes
Infraorder : Elephantimorpha
Parvorder : Elephantida
Family : Elephantidae
Subfamily : Elephantinae
Tribe : Elephantini
Genus : Elephas

Species status

Living
Found in the wild
Listed in MSW3 2005

Authority citation

Linnaeus, C. 1758-01-01. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 823 pp.

Authority publication link

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25033825

Original name as described

Elephas maximus

Other common names

Pygmy Elephant

Type material

MF 734

Type kind

lectotype

Type locality

Sri Lanka.

Biogeographic realm

Indomalaya

Country distribution

India · Sri Lanka · Nepal · Bhutan · Bangladesh · China · Myanmar · Laos · Cambodia · Vietnam · Thailand · Malaysia · Indonesia

IUCN Red List status

Endangered

Species Permalink

https://mammaldiversity.org/taxon/1000521

Country distribution map

The map below provides a general overview. Most species inhabit only specific regions within countries. Hover over the highlighted regions to see the country name.

Names and synonyms

Present and past (if available) associated names to the species. Click on a name to view its details.

Total: 31 names and synonyms.

Elephas maximus

Linnaeus, 1758

Family

Elephantidae

Root name

maximus

Validity status

species

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

MF 734

Type kind

lectotype

Authority page

33

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25033825

Authority publication

Stockholm

Name usages

  1. Linnaeus (1758:33, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25033825) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/57429)
  2. Linnaeus (1766:48, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42946244) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/38438)
  3. Erxleben (1777:203, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15873000) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36060)
  4. Borowski (1780:68, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28346936) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67756)
  5. Zimmermann (1783:162) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69242)
  6. Boddaert (1785:164, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28230128) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35384)
  7. Gmelin (1788:58, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25751278) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35943)
  8. Kerr (1792:115, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/38664137) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36283)
  9. Link (1795:107, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/46272983) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35635)
  10. André (1795:100) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/37443)
  11. Palisot de Beauvois (1796:24) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68418)
  12. Wolf (1796:93) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/72410)
  13. Shaw (1800:212, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41150937) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/37615)
  14. Bechstein (1801:190, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/30309295) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/60397)
  15. Daudin (1802:177, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42033427) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/64044)
  16. Turton (1802:35, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25772872) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69249)
  17. Treviranus (1802:219, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11026085) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/72409)
  18. Elera (1895:39, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/38853949) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68680)
  19. Ward (1910:476, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15016119) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39628)
  20. Gyldenstolpe (1916:50, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41891638) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67559)
  21. Lydekker (1916:81, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9339284) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/40667)
  22. Phillips (1927:43) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67779)
  23. Phillips (1929:151) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68575)
  24. Chasen (1940:190) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/5889)
  25. Sanborn (1952:16) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35497)
  26. Davis (1962:118) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/16694)
  27. Sarwar (1977:144) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/49595)
  28. Corbet & Hill (1980:114) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/63069)
  29. Honacki, Kinman & Koeppl (1982:307) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/63071)
  30. Corbet & Hill (1991:123) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/63070)
  31. Wilson (1993:367) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69012)
  32. Groves (2003:343, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/48602925) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/9601)
  33. Shoshani (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/9716)
  34. O'Brien, Menninger & Nash (2006:76) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/7321)
  35. Smith & Xie (2008:156) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/64149)
  36. Wilson & Mittermeier (2011:78) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67176)
  37. Mammal Diversity Database (2018:ID #7140) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67336)
  38. Mammal Diversity Database (2019:ID #7140) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67337)
  39. Kumar, Sharma & Khan (2022:5) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/66220)
  40. Mammal Diversity Database (2024, https://www.mammaldiversity.org/taxon/1000521) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67250)
  41. International Union for the Conservation of Nature (2024, https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/7140/45818198) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67246)

Elephas asiaticus

Blumenbach, 1797

Family

Elephantidae

Root name

asiaticus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

124

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/44308437

Authority publication

Göttingen

Name usages

  1. Lacépède (1799:12) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/62452)
  2. Fischer (1803:136, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47061743) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69311)
  3. Fischer (1813:445, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/29109556) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/49925)
  4. Brandt (1833:xv, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/55630388) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/72435)
  5. Jaekel (1911:239, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51128821) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69376)
  6. Shoshani (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/9716)

Elephas indicus

G. Cuvier, 1797

Family

Elephantidae

Root name

indicus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

148

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11637230

Authority publication

Paris

Name usages

  1. Cuvier (1797:148, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11637230) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/38531)
  2. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire (1803:229) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/19153)
  3. Fischer (1814:xiii, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/29130074) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/12226)
  4. Voigt (1819:423) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69477)
  5. Muirhead (1819:449) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69481)
  6. Hemprich (1820:44) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69417)
  7. Gray (1821:305) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/9308)
  8. Schinz (1821:345, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51529106) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/37604)
  9. Desmarest (1822:382, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/39521826) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36189)
  10. Cuvier (1825:257) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/60248)
  11. Lesson (1827:321, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/54207788) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36839)
  12. Fischer (1829:404) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/59856)
  13. Burnett (1830:352, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/3909462) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/44017)
  14. Eichwald (1831:357, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35753022) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67585)
  15. Jardine (1836:106, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/18064350) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39772)
  16. Burmeister (1837:795, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/46858130) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/72421)
  17. Ogilby (1839:lxx, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2912384) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67483)
  18. Blyth (1840:129, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/49918343) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67419)
  19. Hodgson (1841:215, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37126979) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35561)
  20. Cuvier (1842:4, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/44518527) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/60227)
  21. Smith (1842:270) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67141)
  22. Lesson (1842:156) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36812)
  23. Hodgson (1844:288, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/46405523) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/65716)
  24. Blainville (1845:353, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/57982189) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/56214)
  25. Layard (1851:405, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13788005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67277)
  26. Kelaart (1852:158, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/59278678) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67270)
  27. Kelaart (1852:77, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52257353) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/38608)
  28. Crisp (1862:136, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31577168) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67742)
  29. Blyth (1863:134, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47534815) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/37155)
  30. Murray (1866:339, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15580335) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39798)
  31. Jerdon (1867:229, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37300062) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68353)
  32. Gray (1869:358, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8397277) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/37331)
  33. Sclater (1872:78, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/17037855) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/61617)
  34. Blyth (1875:34, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/38675000) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68967)
  35. Kelaart (1890:320) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/60533)

Elephas gigas

Perry, 1811

Family

Elephantidae

Root name

gigas

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

signature Ii1

Authority publication

London

Name usages

Shoshani (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/9716)

Elephas Socotrus

Perry, 1811

Family

Elephantidae

Root name

socotrus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

signature Ii1

Authority publication

London

Elephas Indicus Heterodactylus

B. H. Hodgson, 1841

Family

Elephantidae

Root name

heterodactylus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

nomen_nudum

Authority page

215

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37126979

Authority publication

Calcutta Journal of Natural History

Name usages

  1. Hodgson (1841:215, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37126979) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35561)
  2. Shoshani (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/9716)

Elephas Indicus Isodactylus

B. H. Hodgson, 1841

Family

Elephantidae

Root name

isodactylus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

nomen_nudum

Authority page

215

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37126979

Authority publication

Calcutta Journal of Natural History

Name usages

  1. Hodgson (1841:215, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37126979) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35561)
  2. Shoshani (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/9716)

Elephas Indicus Bengalensis

de Blainville, 1845

Family

Elephantidae

Root name

bengalensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

353

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/57982189

Authority publication

Ostéographie

Name usages

  1. Blainville (1845:353, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/57982189) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/56214)
  2. Shoshani (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/9716)

Elephas Indicus Ceylanicus

de Blainville, 1845

Family

Elephantidae

Root name

ceylanicus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

353

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/57982189

Authority publication

Ostéographie

Name usages

  1. Blainville (1845:353, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/57982189) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/56214)
  2. Shoshani (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/9716)

Elephas indicus Dauntela

Falconer & Cautley, 1847

Family

Elephantidae

Root name

dauntela

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority publication

Fauna Antiqua Sivalensis

Name usages

Shoshani (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/9716)

21 more names and synonyms available — use the desktop version to see them all.

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