Panthera pardus

(Linnaeus, 1758)

Leopard

Side view, resting in tree. Also as Panther.
1 / 11
Location:Tanzania, Serengeti National ParkDate taken:Jan 1, 1973Description:Side view, resting in tree. Also as Panther.

Distribution :

Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Arabia, Armenia, Botswana, Burma, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, China, Dem. Rep. Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Guinea-Bissau, India, Indonesia (Java), Iran, Iraq, Kenya, Liberia, Laos, Malawi, Malaysia, Mauritania, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Niger, Nigeria, North and South Korea, Pakistan, Republic of Congo, Russia, Saudia Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Tanzania, Thailand, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Vietnam, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Image courtesy of the ASM Mammal Images Library · MIL ID: 124

Taxonomy

Subclass: Theria
Infraclass: Placentalia
Magnorder: Boreoeutheria
Superorder: Laurasiatheria
Order: Carnivora
Suborder: Feliformia
Infraorder: Aeluroidea
Superfamily: Feloidea
Family: Felidae
Subfamily: Pantherinae
Genus: Panthera
Subgenus: Panthera

Species status

Living
Found in the wild
Listed in MSW3 2005

Authority citation

Linnaeus, C. 1758-01-01. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 823 pp.

Authority publication link

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25033833

Original name as described

Felis Pardus

Other common names

Panther

Type material

untraced (number not known)

Type kind

nonexistent

Type locality

Egypt.

Biogeographic realm

Afrotropic · Indomalaya · Palearctic

Country distribution

Afghanistan · Angola · Armenia · Azerbaijan · Bangladesh · Benin · Bhutan · Botswana · Burkina Faso · Burundi · Cambodia · Cameroon · Central African Republic · Chad · China · Cote d'Ivoire · Democratic Republic of the Congo · Djibouti · Egypt · Equatorial Guinea · Eritrea · Eswatini · Ethiopia · Gabon · Ghana · Guinea · Guinea-Bissau · India · Indonesia · Iran · Iraq · Kenya · Liberia · Malawi · Malaysia · Mali · Mozambique · Myanmar · Namibia · Nepal · Niger · Nigeria · Oman · Pakistan · Republic of the Congo · Russia · Rwanda · Saudi Arabia · Senegal · Sierra Leone · Somalia · South Africa · South Sudan · Sri Lanka · Sudan · Tanzania · Thailand · Turkey · Turkmenistan · Uganda · Yemen · Zambia · Zimbabwe · Algeria? · Gambia? · Georgia? · Israel? · Laos? · Lesotho? · North Korea? · Palestine? · Tajikistan? · Vietnam?

IUCN Red List status

Vulnerable

Species Permalink

https://mammaldiversity.org/taxon/1006022

Country distribution map

The map below provides a general overview. Most species inhabit only specific regions within countries. Known distribution is shown in green and predicted distribution is in yellow.Hover over the highlighted regions to see the country name.

KnownPredicted distribution

Names and synonyms

Present and past (if available) associated names to the species. Click on a name to view its details.

Total: 145 names and synonyms.

Felis Pardus

Linnaeus, 1758

Family

Felidae

Root name

pardus

Validity status

species

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

untraced (number not known)

Type kind

nonexistent

Original type locality

Habitat in Indiis.

Type locality

Egypt.

Authority page

41

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25033833

Authority publication

Stockholm

Name usages

Linnaeus (1758:41, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25033833) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/57429)
Linnaeus (1766:61, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42946257) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/38438)
Boddaert (1772:36, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/43563408) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67754)
Erxleben (1777:505, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15873302) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36060)
Leske (1779:136) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69307)
Borowski (1780:29, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28346987) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67757)
Forster (1780:310, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/57573004) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69278)
Zimmermann (1783:171) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69242)
Boddaert (1785:89, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28230053) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35384)
Gmelin (1788:77, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25751297) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35943)
Kerr (1792:147, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/38664171) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36283)
Link (1795:89, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/46272965) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35635)
Latham & Davies (1795:4) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/72595)
Cuvier (1797:118, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11637200) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/38531)
Daudin (1802:160, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42033410) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/64044)
Turton (1802:47, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25772903) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69249)
Treviranus (1802:206, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11026072) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/72409)
Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire (1803:116) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/19153)
Treviranus (1803:180, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11028208) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/41587)
Goldfuss (1809:294, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47498128) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/34654)
Thunberg (1811:303, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11767797) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/64194)
Fischer (1814:xii, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/29130073) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/12226)
Illiger (1815:78, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11080934) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/38688)
Muirhead (1819:418) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69481)
Hemprich (1820:24) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69417)
Ranzani (1820:304, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27807884) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69425)
Desmarest (1821:220, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/39523984) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/34459)
Griffith (1822:38, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/53016194) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68342)
Lesson (1827:182, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/54207650) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36839)
Fischer (1829:200) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/59856)
Sykes (1831:102, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/1214063) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67691)
Eichwald (1831:376, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35753041) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67585)
Serres (1832:23) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/43474)
Ehrenberg (1833:@sig. gg p. 1, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/48508429) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68841)
Ogilby (1839:lxiv, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2912372) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67483)
Blyth (1840:95, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/49918309) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67419)
Hodgson (1841:212, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37126976) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35561)
Wagner (1841:478, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31063107) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/38216)
Cuvier (1842:2, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/44518525) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/60227)
Lesson (1842:51) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36812)
Blainville (1843:60, 186, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/57989124, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/57989694) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68407)
Blainville (1843:186, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/57989124) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68407)
Hodgson (1844:286, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/46405521) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/65716)
Schinz (1844:432) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36043)
Gistel (1848:257, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25781138) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69572)
Layard (1851:405, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13788005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67277)
Lartet (1851:19) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/13373)
Peters (1852:126) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/61421)
Giebel (1855:875, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/45549066) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/38563)
Loche (1858:7, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41949445) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/60564)
Blyth (1863:55, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47534683) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/37155)
Day (1863:441) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69416)
Kirk (1865:653, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28500996) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36804)
De Filippi (1865:343, https://books.google.com/books?id=nDFEAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA343) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69095)
Murray (1866:324, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15580320) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39798)
Gray (1867:263, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/29533703) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/37913)
Jerdon (1867:97, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37299798) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68353)
Loche (1867:36) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68800)
Stoliczka (1872:226, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37137942) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67309)
Sclater (1872:36, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/17037794) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/61617)
Blyth (1875:27, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/38674993) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68967)
Peters (1876:476, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35329853) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/17187)
Heuglin (1877:52, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/36876383) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/66584)
Danford & Alston (1880:51, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28522155) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68533)
Lydekker (1885:59, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/17771149) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35227)
Noack (1887:258, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10356298) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67855)
Bocage (1889:175, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/3419021) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68982)
Büchner (1891:146, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37008348) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68987)
Thomas (1904:94, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27733821) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/16538)
Trouessart (1904:268, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/53423149) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/59289)
Wroughton (1907:13, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34063319) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68769)
Lydekker (1908:425, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/18741645) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39820)
Ward (1910:500, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15016143) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39628)
Roberts (1913:103, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/50439561) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/17656)
Gyldenstolpe (1916:28, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41891616) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67559)
Phillips (1925:146) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67769)
Phillips (1929:133) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68575)
Allen & Coolidge (1930:583, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/61248239) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68614)
Flower (1932:387) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/14201)
Zimara (1935:11) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67232)
Allen (1939:244, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2782057) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/5450)
Chasen (1940:105) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/5889)
Hill & Carter (1941:136) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/16955)
Shortridge (1942:86, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/40889003) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/48770)
Sanborn (1952:15) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35497)
Sanborn & Hoogstraal (1953:238, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2771753) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/15415)
Kurtén (1968:87) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/5363)

Felis leopardus

von Schreber, 1775

Family

Felidae

Root name

leopardus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type locality

Senegal.

Authority page

pl. 101

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31064608

Authority publication

Die Säugthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur

Name usages

Müller (1776:29, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51217670) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/38532)
Erxleben (1777:509, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15873306) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36060)
Leske (1779:137) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69307)
Borowski (1780:31, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28346989) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67757)
Forster (1780:310, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/57573004) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69278)
Zimmermann (1783:171) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69242)
Boddaert (1785:90, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28230054) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35384)
Gmelin (1788:77, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25751297) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35943)
Kerr (1792:148, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/38664172) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36283)
Link (1795:90, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/46272966) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35635)
Latham & Davies (1795:4) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/72595)
Wolf (1796:202) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/72410)
Cuvier (1797:118, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11637200) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/38531)
Daudin (1802:160, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42033410) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/64044)
Turton (1802:47, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25772903) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69249)
Treviranus (1803:180, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11028208) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/41587)
Goldfuss (1809:295, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47498129) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/34654)
Muirhead (1819:418) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69481)
Hemprich (1820:24) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69417)
Ranzani (1820:305, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27807885) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69425)
Desmarest (1821:221, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/39523985) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/34459)
Schinz (1821:233, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51528994) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/37604)
Griffith (1822:38, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/53016194) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68342)
Schinz (1825:355, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51523772) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/66129)
Lesson (1827:182, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/54207650) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36839)
Fischer (1829:199) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/59856)
Sykes (1831:102, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/1214063) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67691)
Eichwald (1831:377, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35753042) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67585)
Smuts (1832:27, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/43088710) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/60235)
Blyth (1840:95, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/49918309) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67419)
Hodgson (1841:212, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37126976) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35561)
Cuvier (1842:2, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/44518525) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/60227)
Lesson (1842:51) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36812)
Hodgson (1844:286, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/46405521) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/65716)
Schinz (1844:431) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36043)
Gistel (1848:257, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25781138) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69572)
Kelaart (1852:45, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52257244) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/38608)
Fitzinger (1855:255) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/65926)
Gray (1867:263, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/29533703) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/37913)
Matschie (1900:92, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8797098) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68759)

Felis panthera

von Schreber, 1775

Family

Felidae

Root name

panthera

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type locality

Algeria.

Authority page

pl. 99

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31064600

Authority publication

Die Säugthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur

Name usages

Erxleben (1777:508, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15873305) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36060)
Borowski (1780:30, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28346988) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67757)
Boddaert (1785:90, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28230054) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35384)
Illiger (1815:78, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11080934) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/38688)
Schinz (1821:232, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51528993) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/37604)
Schinz (1825:352, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51523769) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/66129)
Eichwald (1831:377, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35753042) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67585)
Nordmann (1839:22, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/63252046) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69245)
Gray (1867:263, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/29533703) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/37913)
Wozencraft (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8533)

Felis fusca

F. A. A. Meyer, 1794

Family

Felidae

Root name

fusca

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

untraced (number not known)

Type kind

holotype

Type locality

Asia: Southern Asia.

Authority page

394

Authority publication

Weimar

Felis chalybeata

von Schreber, 1804

Family

Felidae

Root name

chalybeata

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type locality

Earth.

Authority page

pl. 101C

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31064614

Authority publication

Die Säugthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur

Name usages

Goldfuss (1809:296, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47498130) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/34654)
Desmarest (1821:234 (footnote), https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/39523998) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/34459)
Schinz (1821:234, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51528995) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/37604)
Blyth (1840:95, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/49918309) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67419)
Gray (1867:263, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/29533703) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/37913)

Felis Varia

von Schreber, 1804

Family

Felidae

Root name

varia

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type locality

Earth.

Authority page

pl. 101B

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31064612

Authority publication

Die Säugthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur

Name usages

Goldfuss (1809:295, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47498129) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/34654)
Desmarest (1821:234 (footnote), https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/39523998) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/34459)
Gray (1867:263, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/29533703) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/37913)

Felis Leopardina

Goldfuss, 1809

Family

Felidae

Root name

leopardina

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Original type locality

Ostindien

Type locality

Asia: Southeastern Asia.

Authority page

295

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47498129

Authority publication

Erlangen

Name usages

Goldfuss (1809:295, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47498129) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/34654)

Felis melas

G. Cuvier, 1809

Family

Felidae

Root name

melas

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

untraced (number not known)

Type kind

holotype

Type locality

Indonesia: Java.

Authority page

152

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/3498802

Authority publication

Annales du Muséum d'histoire naturelle

Name usages

Desmarest (1821:223, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/39523987) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/34459)
Schinz (1821:237, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51528998) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/37604)
Griffith (1822:48, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/53016243) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68342)
Schinz (1825:355, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51523772) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/66129)
Lesson (1827:188, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/54207656) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36839)
Cuvier (1842:2, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/44518525) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/60227)
Day (1863:441) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69416)

Felis Leopardus niger

Goldfuss, 1809

Family

Felidae

Root name

nigra

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

preoccupied

Original type locality

Bengalen (?)

Type locality

Asia: Southern Asia.

Authority page

295

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47498129

Authority publication

Erlangen

Name usages

Goldfuss (1809:295, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47498129) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/34654)

Felis leopardis:

Perry, 1811

Family

Felidae

Root name

leopardis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

unjustified_emendation

Authority page

B1

Authority publication

London

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