Crocuta crocuta

(Erxleben, 1777)

Spotted Hyena

Group at kill site
1 / 9
Location:Kenya, Narok county (formerly Rift Valley province), Maasai Mara National ReserveDate taken:Jan 1, 1976

Image courtesy of the ASM Mammal Images Library · MIL ID: 127

Taxonomy

Subclass : Theria
Infraclass : Placentalia
Magnorder : Boreoeutheria
Superorder : Laurasiatheria
Order : Carnivora
Suborder : Feliformia
Infraorder : Aeluroidea
Superfamily : Viverroidea
Family : Hyaenidae
Subfamily : Hyaeninae
Genus : Crocuta

Species status

Living
Found in the wild
Listed in MSW3 2005

Authority citation

Erxleben, J.C.P. 1777. Systema regni animalis per classes, ordines, genera, species, varietates cum synonymia et historia animalium. Classis I. Mammalia. Impensis Weygandianis, Leipzig, 636 pp.

Authority publication link

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15873375

Original name as described

Canis Crocuta

Type material

untraced (number not known)

Type kind

nonexistent

Type locality

Gui­­nea, Aethiopia; restricted to "Senegambia".

Biogeographic realm

Afrotropic

Country distribution

Mauritania · Senegal · Gambia · Guinea-Bissau · Guinea · Mali · Sierra Leone · Cote d'Ivoire · Ghana · Burkina Faso · Togo · Benin · Niger · Nigeria · Cameroon · Chad · Central African Republic · Sudan · South Sudan · Eritrea · Djibouti · Ethiopia · Somalia · Democratic Republic of the Congo · Uganda · Kenya · Rwanda · Burundi · Tanzania · Gabon · Republic of the Congo · Angola · Zambia · Malawi · Mozambique · Zimbabwe · Namibia · Botswana · South Africa · Eswatini

IUCN Red List status

Least Concern

Species Permalink

https://mammaldiversity.org/taxon/1006071

Country distribution map

The map below provides a general overview. Most species inhabit only specific regions within countries. Hover over the highlighted regions to see the country name.

Names and synonyms

Present and past (if available) associated names to the species. Click on a name to view its details.

Total: 69 names and synonyms.

Canis Crocuta

(Erxleben, 1777)

Family

Hyaenidae

Root name

crocuta

Validity status

species

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

untraced (number not known)

Type kind

nonexistent

Authority page

578

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15873375

Authority publication

Leipzig

Name usages

  1. Erxleben (1777:578, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15873375) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36060)
  2. Borowski (1780:25, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28346983) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67757)
  3. Gmelin (1788:72, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25751292) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35943)
  4. Kerr (1792:139, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/38664163) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36283)
  5. Wolf (1796:182) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/72410)
  6. Cuvier (1797:122, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11637204) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/38531)
  7. Shaw (1800:303, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/19632361) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/37617)
  8. Turton (1802:44, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25772900) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69249)
  9. Treviranus (1803:180, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11028208) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/41587)
  10. Illiger (1811:133, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/48453838) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36105)
  11. Griffith (1822:107, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/53016334) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68342)

Hyena (Crocata)

(E. A. W. von Zimmermann, 1780)

Family

Hyaenidae

Root name

crocata

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

incorrectsubsequentspelling

Authority page

256

Authority publication

Leipzig

Hyena maculata

(E. A. W. von Zimmermann, 1783)

Family

Hyaenidae

Root name

maculata

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

nomen_nudum

Authority page

170

Authority publication

Leipzig

Name usages

Zimmermann (1783:170) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69242)

Hyæna Crocuta

(Boddaert, 1785)

Family

Hyaenidae

Root name

crocuta

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

94

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28230058

Authority publication

Rotterdam

Name usages

  1. Boddaert (1785:94, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28230058) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35384)
  2. Goldfuss (1809:266, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47498100) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/34654)
  3. Fischer (1814:xii, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/29130073) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/12226)
  4. Illiger (1815:79, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11080935) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/38688)
  5. Voigt (1819:412) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69477)
  6. Muirhead (1819:424) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69481)
  7. Ödmann (1820:69, 69, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34515830, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34515830) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/72447)
  8. Ödmann (1820:69, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34515830) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/72447)
  9. Schinz (1821:228, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51528989) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/37604)
  10. Fischer (1829:194) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/59856)
  11. Wagler (1830:30, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/38965728) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/56273)
  12. Burnett (1830:349, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/3909459) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/44017)
  13. Blyth (1840:94, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/49918308) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67419)
  14. Cuvier (1842:3, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/44518526) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/60227)
  15. Blainville (1844:37, 81, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/57989795, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/57989839) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68409)
  16. Blainville (1844:81, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/57989839) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68409)
  17. Peters (1852:126) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/61421)
  18. Dallas (1855:480) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/49123)
  19. Giebel (1855:857, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/45549048) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/38563)
  20. Blyth (1863:43, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47534671) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/37155)
  21. Murray (1866:326, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15580322) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39798)
  22. Jerdon (1867:119, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37299842) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68353)
  23. Sclater (1872:40, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/17037817) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/61617)
  24. Heuglin (1877:50, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/36876381) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/66584)
  25. Noack (1887:255, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10356295) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67855)
  26. Noack (1891:120, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7781010) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/38509)
  27. Thomas (1894:139, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35990419) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69209)
  28. Matschie (1895:60, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14835453) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67260)
  29. Trouessart (1904:243, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/53423124) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/59289)
  30. Wroughton (1907:9, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34063315) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68769)
  31. Lydekker (1908:449, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/18741669) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39820)
  32. Allen (1909:171) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/16003)
  33. Ward (1910:509, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15016152) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39628)
  34. Roberts (1913:102, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/50439560) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/17656)

Hyaena maculata

(Link, 1795)

Family

Hyaenidae

Root name

maculata

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

nomen_novum

Type

untraced (number not known)

Type kind

nonexistent

Authority page

89

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/46272965

Authority publication

Rostock

Name usages

  1. Link (1795:89, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/46272965) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35635)
  2. Illiger (1815:79, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11080935) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/38688)
  3. Ödmann (1820:70, 70, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34515831, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34515831) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/72447)
  4. Ödmann (1820:70, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34515831) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/72447)
  5. Smuts (1832:24, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/43088713) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/60235)

Hyaena maculata

(Thunberg, 1811)

Family

Hyaenidae

Root name

maculata

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

preoccupied

Authority page

302

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11767796

Authority publication

Mémoires de l'Académie Impériale des Sciences de Saint-Pétersbourg

Name usages

  1. Thunberg (1811:302, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11767796) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/64194)
  2. Wozencraft (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8533)

Hyæna capensis

(A. G. Desmarest, 1817)

Family

Hyaenidae

Root name

capensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

nomen_novum

Type

untraced (number not known)

Type kind

nonexistent

Authority page

499

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/18058899

Authority publication

Nouveau Dictionnaire d'Histoire Naturelle

Name usages

  1. Ranzani (1820:295, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27807875) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69425)
  2. Desmarest (1821:216, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/39523980) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/34459)
  3. Lesson (1827:180, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/54207648) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36839)
  4. Trouessart (1904:243, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/53423124) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/59289)
  5. Wozencraft (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8533)

Hyæna rufa

(A. G. Desmarest, 1817)

Family

Hyaenidae

Root name

rufa

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

499

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/18058899

Authority publication

Nouveau Dictionnaire d'Histoire Naturelle

Name usages

  1. Desmarest (1821:216, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/39523980) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/34459)
  2. Griffith (1822:113, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/53016346) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68342)
  3. Lesson (1827:180, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/54207648) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36839)
  4. Wozencraft (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8533)

Hiaena crocuta

(Hemprich, 1820)

Family

Hyaenidae

Root name

crocuta

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

23

Authority publication

Berlin

Name usages

Hemprich (1820:23) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69417)

Hyena crocuta

(Temminck, 1820)

Family

Hyaenidae

Root name

crocuta

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

53

Authority publication

Annales Générales des Sciences Physiques

Name usages

  1. Temminck (1820:53) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69238)
  2. Bocage (1889:181, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/3418968) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68982)

59 more names and synonyms available — use the desktop version to see them all.

Please send any edits, corrections, or unfilled data (including full citations) to mammaldiversity [at] gmail [dot] com.